Sea freight vs air freight

The short answer: air freight is the right choice when speed matters most, and sea freight is usually the better value for larger or heavier shipments that can wait. Most importers use both, depending on the shipment.

At a glance

Timings are typical and depend on the route, schedules and customs. Yours is confirmed on your quote.

When air freight makes sense

• The goods are needed urgently, for example spare parts or stock for a launch.
• The goods are high in value and low in weight, such as electronics or samples.
• The shipment is small, so sea freight's fixed costs and longer transit make little sense.

Air freight is charged on chargeable weight: the greater of the actual and volumetric weight. Large, light cargo can therefore cost more than its weight suggests.

When sea freight makes sense

• The cargo is large or heavy, such as machinery, furniture or bulk stock.
• You ship regularly and can plan ahead.
• Cost matters more than speed.

For smaller loads, LCL (less than container load) lets you share a container and pay for the space you use. Once your cargo fills most of a container, FCL (full container load) often becomes better value.

What stays the same

Whichever you choose:

• Imports into South Africa are generally subject to VAT and possibly duty, usually paid by the importer.
• You will need the right documents, typically a commercial invoice, a packing list and the transport document (air waybill or bill of lading).
• Some goods are restricted or need permits, and dangerous goods face strict rules, especially by air.

Our customs clearance page explains the process.

A practical tip

If you are unsure, send us the details: what it is, how big and heavy, where it is now and when you need it. We will compare the options and recommend the one that fits your deadline and budget. Learn more about ocean freight and air freight.